Method of and apparatus for feeding molten glass



Aug. 23, 1932.

K.- E. PEILER METHOD OF AND APPARATUS 'FOR FEEDING MOLTEN GLASS Original Filed- May 5, 1919 8 Sheets-Sheet l mh un ll INVENTOR. firiEk/l'er ATTORNEY K. E. PEILER Aug. 23, 1932.

METHbD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING MOLTEN GLASS 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed May 5, 1919 l l-l H 6% mm H 3% M H G H 8% o a F mm E w INVENTOR. Kr/ E I e/7e! "fifim MW H ATTORNEY j K. E. FIEILER Aug. 23, 1932 METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING MOLTEN GLASS Original Filed May 5, 1919 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 [NI/mime far! 5 fife/k1 I v 5 Y W? 6231 W- ATTORNEY K. E. PEILER METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING MOLTEN GLASS Aug. 23, 1932.

Original Filed May 5, 1919 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 r15. Pei/er ATTORNEY Aug. 23, 1932.

K. E. PEILE R METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING MOLTEN GLASS Original Filed May 5, 1919 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 K INVENTOR. 67/51 612?! 4 BY mu ATTORNEY Aug. 23, 1932.

K. E. PEILIER METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING MOLTEN GLASS Original Filed May 5, 1919 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVEN TOR.

A TTORNEY g- 2 1932- K. E. PEILER 1,873,02l

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING MOLTEN GLASS Original Filed May 5,1919 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Eg F2942. F 43. 1 4

R; 47 J g-Q46; Fly. 49.

INVENTOR. K227] 271 61761" BY 72. mw

ATTORNEY K. E. PE'ILE Q 1,873,021

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING MOLTEN GLASS Original Filed ma 5, 1919 s Sheets-Sheet 8 F533 F -fiy ,5 35

mmvron V fiar/Eflez/er BY M m m.

ATTORNEY Paten ted Aug. 23,1932

unrrso STATES TENT orrlcE man n. rnrrmn, OF WEST HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BY mnsNE Assisi:- mnnrs, To HARTFORD-EMPIRE comrANY, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE METHOD or AND APPARATUS son rnnnrrrs. moLTEn on ss ori inal application med ma e, 1919, Serial No. 294,792. Divided and this application filed 1 m e, 1920,

' Serial No. 100,884;

My invention relates to the art of feeding molten glass in a succession of mold charges.

This application is a division of my pending application for Letters Patent filed May 5, 1919, Serial No. 294,7 92, on which Letters Patent No. 1,655,391 were granted to me on January 3, 1928, and isfiled for the purpose of claiming certain -novel features relating to the adjustable cam mechanism governing the rise and descent of the impelling implementwhich controls the discharge of the glass. I

. The following is an exact and complete copy of the full specification of the original application, Serial No. 294,792 and theaccompanymgdrawings are complete reproductions of the drawings of the original application.

This invention relates to the segregation and separation of molten glass into mold charges. It has for its object the production of mold charges of suitable form and homogeneity to be most advantageously used in glass shaping machines, and it comprises a method and apparatus whereby such mold charges may be preformed while segregating them from a supply of molten glass in a furnace or containenland before bringing their external surfaces into contact with relatively. cold molds or other supporting or formingmearis, and whereby the form and size of such charges may be controlled and varied at will,

and without destroyingtheir uniform consistency'by the unequal chilling actionof external or relatively cold molds or other supports or forming means.

It is a prominent characteristic of molten glass, that when it issues .or is withdrawn from the furnace orcontainer, and is exposed to the colder surroundings outside of the furnace, it acquires a partially chilled surface or skin, known in this art as fenamel; This enamel is coldest and stiffeston its outer surface, and gradually merges into the hot and more plastic interior of the glass. vWhen a' charge of this glass is delivered to a mold, any undue. stretching, rupture, or infolding of the enamel will cause defects in thearticle being made. Any trapping of air by 'the glass, due to lapping or folding of the surface sling means as to relatiye time of operation,

of the glass as it is delivered to the molds will contour of the mold walls, or, at least that portion of the mold which receives the gather. This is of special importance in the making of blown glassware. A mold charge which is to form a narrow necked bottle, for example,

should be preformed as an elongated cylinder,

so that its entire surface may as nearly as possible contact equally with the moldwalls for the same length of time. Unequal contact of difi'erent portions of the surface, orvunequal duration of contact of the different portions tends to produce an unsymmetrically chilled and enameled blank or parison, which will not blow out uniformly, because the b otter portions will stretch more than the cooler,

portions, resulting in a poor bottlehaving a wall of uneven thickness These conditions have evidently been rec-- ognized to some extent by the hand gatherer,

practicing his ancient? art, who by manipulation .of his punty or gathering rod during the gathering operation performed his, gatheror mold charge, as well as he could by this primitive method,to fit the mold, or'that portion of the mold that receives the gather, 'thus attempting toavoid undue deformation of v the mold charge when deposited in the mold.

On the. other hand, these conditions have received little or no attention in the gathering or feeding of molten glass as heretofore practiced by machine or other-automatic methods.

The present invention accomplishes this preliminary shaping of mold charges with greater ease and exactness than heretofore by 7 the adjustable operation of suitable impelling means coacting with an orifice below which the mold charges are accumulated and enspended, and it employs the elongation of the suspended chargesin'controlling their shape.

It also makesiuse of coaction between the impelling means andsuitable severing means, conv'enientadjustments being provided to al- 1 low control of the severing means and impelspeed and-"position. gig:

I 'machine is in operation, thus allowing the Various adjustments of the impelling means as well as. of the severing means to control and vary the form of the gatherers and mold charges during continuous operation, are herein described as operating ad justments, that is they may be made while the maintenance of the flow of glass and the uniform heat conditions which are so essential in proper operation of glass feeding apparatus. Stopping of the machine to make adjustments would stop theflow of glass and Y would have the effect of allowing the glass to chill near the outlet and of changingthe heat conditions. As a result the operating conditions would be changed so that the immediate efiect of the adjustments could not be observed and employed as a' guide in making these adjustments. In the present invention, on the other hand, these adjustments may be made while the apparatus is operating so that" the progressive effect of these adjustments may be observed while they are being made,

thus giving better control of'the operation.

In the, accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a general front elevation of apparatus with the lower part or base omitte r Fig. 2 is .a side elevation of the machine,

shown partly in section, made approximately along line 2-2 of Fig. 1, with the shear mech- I anism omitted, and showing the glass furnace and its conduit for the molten glass; I

' Fi 3 is a side elevation showing some, of the s eer' mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation showing the base of the machine;

Fig. 5 is a plan view in section along the linef55 of Fig. 7

right hand shear in i shear omitted;

Fig. 6 is a front elevation taken partly in section along line 6 6of Fig. 7 of the center portion of the machine and shows the impeller, outlet and shear carriers, with the place and the left hand Fig. 7 is a side elevation taken in section I along the center line of Fig. 6.??with theshear mechanism omitted and shows the impeller drive connection and adjustments for stroke and position;

Fig. 8 is a front view of the right-hand shear carrier and shear blade;

Fig. 9 is a plain view of the parts shown in Fig.8;

Fig. 10 is a plan view in section taken on Fig. 11 is an-end elevation in section taken .on linen- 11. of Fig. 8;

Fig. 12 is il'i sectional elevation taken' throughgtheright-hand shear lever pivot of 'i1,"ii1d shows the adjustment for shear cull iI I e I I v -Fig213 is-a ectional'plan alongline 1313 ofFig.12;

Fig. 14 shows an elevation of the impeller driving cam with its driving gears; I A

Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation on I1ne 15-15 of Fig. 14; I Fig. '16 is a sectional elevation on line 1616 of Fig. 14; I Fig. 17 is a bottom view of a section on line 1717 of Fig. 14; 1

Figs. 18 and 19 are elevationsof the iinpeller cam partly insection similar to Fig. 15 showing extreme adjustments;

Fig. 20 shows'a side elevation of the worm adjustment for the impeller cam; I

Figs. 21 and 22 show different shapes of c'am lobes for the impeller cam;

Figs. 23, 24, Y25 and 26 show sectional-elevations of various types of molds with ,charges of glass in them;

in the formation of the mold charge shown in Fig. 26;

Figs. 39 and40 illustrate in section the action of reducing the m k of a: suspended.

gather Before severing; I I I Figs. 41 to 45 inclusive are elevations, partly in section, showing steps in the formation of a more attenuated column of glass issuing as a. stream;

Figs. 46 to 49 inclusive showvariousforms of impellers; and

Figs. 50 and 51 elefi'ations of the right-hand shear cam and The invention is herein shown embodied show diagrammatic rear in 'a machine having the. necessary mechan ical movements and adjustments, and'cooperating with a conduit projecting from a glass furnace, from which-the molten glass is thus delivered in mold charges to an a'ssociated molding or shaping machine.

' The molten glass flows from the glass furnace 1 through a channel or conduit- 2' (Fig. 2) to 'an outlet 3. It is there acted upon by an' impeller 13 mounted forvertical move- 'ment, and. provided with various adjustments.' As it issues periodically in regular .cycles from the outlet, it forms successive gathers from which mold charges are severed by shear blades'4reciprocating below' the outlet. The se arated mold charges fa-ll upon a moistened c ute 5 and slide upon it to' the molds 6 mounted on the table 7 ofthe,

associated sha ing machine (Fig. 5). r The channel 2 is made of refracto' material surrounded on the bottom and si es by heat? insulation 11. At the outer end of the channel isan outlet spout 12,. theinterior of which is shaped so as to coact with the impeller 13, Thi spout, is held-in an iron frame screw 17 and which support t or case 14, which also serves as a retainer for-the insulation 11, the spout being surrounded with insulation, except at the outlet3.

The bed 15 iscarried by the same foundation which supports the base of the machine. It serves to support the channel 2 by means ofintermediate refractory supports 10 and carries two brackets 16 clamped thereto by e spout case 14. The brackets also carry set screws 18 which bear against projections on the s out case and hold the spout against the end 0 the channel. These screws may be adjusted to allow for expansion and contraction of the channel'and spout. The brackets also carry removable drip pans 20 for receiving the cooling water dripping from the shear blades 4 and from the sprays 21.

0ver the spout is'a cover 22 ofrefractorymaterial carried in a metal case 23 which also serves as a retainer for heat insulation 11, the metal plate 24 serving to keep the insulation in place. The late 24 and cover 22 have openings throng which the impeller projects. Backof this cover and over the channel is another refractory cover 25 formed so as to retain heat insulation 11 which is covered by a metal plate 26 to keep it in place.

The channel and spout are heated by suit-- able means,-such as a gas burner 27, which ro ec'ts through the side wall block 30. This.

urner is provided with air and gas valves 31 for regulating the flame, which partly fills the space over the molten glass. The products of combustion are carried off by the fire brick stack 32 carried on refractory lintels 33, which bridge the channel and are separated at their ends by refractory blocks. At the upper end of the stack is a damper 34 carried on a pivot 35, and adjustable through an arm 36, and connecting rod 37 having a handle at its outer end and provided with notches 38 engaging with a stop 40, thus allowing the damper to be set at any desired 0 ening. By appropriately adjusting the urner and damper the proper temperature may be maintained in and over the channel and spout. The insulation acts to conserve the heat, and the radiation from the rear assists in heating the outlet end, thus tending to maintain a uniform temperature throughout.

A gate 41 for regulating the glass flow is suspended by links 42 from arms 43 fast on the shaft 44 at each end thereof. The right-hand arm 43 bears a pointer 45 registering with a scale 46 to indicate the setting of the gate. A screw 47 carrying a' hand wheel 50 bears against an ext-cnsion'51 of the right-hand gate arm 43, thus allowing the position of the gate to be adjusted by turning the handwheel50. The glass surfacev in the furnace 1 is prefer: ably maintained at a higher level than that desired in the spout 12 and the level or head desired in the spout may be maintained by adjustment of the gate.

Clamped against the outlet block or spout 12 is an outlet ring 52- (Figs. 6 and 7) made of refractory material. This ring is carried in a metal holder 53 hinged by an open-sided bearing 54 to allow ready removal, on a pivot 55 and is drawn up against an abutment by screws 56 (Fig. 5). Between the outlet ring and the spout is a packing 57 of refractory rings. In practice an outlet ring of the size desired is placed in the holder and covered with sufficient plastic clay to form the packing 57. The holder is then hooked over the pivot 55 and drawn up against its abutment, squeezing-the plastic packing into place.

The frame of the machine is carried by the base 58 (Figs. 3, 4 and 5) and surrounds the channel and spout. The base carries columns 60 with suitable bearings at their upper ends to carry the drive shaft 61 and pivot shafts.

The drive shaft may be driven by a pulley 62 (Fig. -1) as shown and maybe connected to a shaping machine by any suitable means for synchronizing its operations with those of this machine. The shaft 61 carries ohms 63 for driving the shears and serves as-a pivot for theimpeller cams.

The shear blades 4 are notched as shown in Fig. 9. This allows them to enclose the 7 glass and to constrict it on all sides as well as to cut it. For this reason they act to separate 2 the glass partly by constriction and partly by cutting, thereby minimizing; the shcarmark on the severed glass.

The shear blades 4 are fastened to shanks v64 which are carried in adjustable heads or holders 65 (Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11, which show the right-hand holder), by means of which the blades may be adjusted up, down and sidewi'se relatively to each other and to the outlet 3, so as to sever the glass at the desired position and to operate to the best advantage. The shank 64 of each blade is removably held in a vertical slide 66 split in its lower portion at 67 (Figs. 10 and 11) and clamped by means of the clamp screws 70. The vertical slide 66 fits a guideway on a cross slide 71 as shown in Fig. 10 and may be adjusted up and down by means of the adjusting screw 72 by its hand wheel 73. The slide 66 may be clamped in place in its guideway by the screw 74 and clamp 75. The cross slide 71, which carries the vertical slide and its adjustment fits-in a guideway 78 (Fig. 8), and may be clamped in place by the screw 76 and clamp 77, thus allowing the shear blades to be adjusted for transverse position and clamped to place. The shear blades may be adjusted endwise by moving their shanks in and out in their holders, either for the proper initial setting or for a controlling adjustment, although a preferable operating adjustment is provided for this purpose. In this way the shear blades may be moved in three directions so as to bring them into proper relationship to the outlet and proper alignment with each other. To move the severing plane to a higher or lower level, both shear blades are adjusted up or down as desired, the proper cutting alignment between them being maintained by turning both hand wheels 73 the same amount.

The shear holders above described are carried on the ends of the carriers 80 guided between grooved guide rollers 79 pivoted on the columns 60, and are protected by the guards 81 projecting from these columns. The carriers 80 are moved toward and away from each otherby means of levers 82 carrying at their lower ends rollers 83 which engage with slots 84 in the carriers. The shear evers are pivotally mounted on studs 85 and 86 carried on the columns 6O. The upper ends of the shear levers are provided with cam rollers 87 which are held by suitable springs 90 against the shear cams 63 which are fixed on the main shaft 61, the cams being shaped to move the shear blades to and from each other to out 01f the successive mold chargeswhen formed.

The shears may be stopped in their retracted positions without stopping the rest of the machine by moving the .hand lever 91 to the position shownin Figs. 3, 4 and 5. This rocks the shaft 92 and transmits the motion to shaft 93 by means of bevel sector 94 and bevel gear 95. This shaft carries two cams 96 against which bear the rollers 97 carried by the slides 98 so that the rocking of the shaft 93 raises or'lowers them. These slides are connected by means of connecting rods 100 with the arms 101 which are pivoted on .the studs 85 and 86 with the shear levers 82. These arms bear against the lower side of the shear lever extensions 102. In this way the shear levers-may be positively held against the action of the springs 90 to hold the shears inactive in their retracted positions while the cams continue to rotate. By reversing the position of the hand lever 91, the arms 101 will be swung down and the shears will be allowed to resume normal operation. The hand lever 91 may be locked in position by means of-the latch 103 worked 7 a knob 104:.

For controlling the shape of the lower ends of the gathers, while the machine is in operation, an operating'adjustment is provided for increasing or lessening the rapidity with which the shear blades cutthrough the glass, by using earlier or later portions of the contour of the shear cams (Figs. 50 and 5 1) These cams are shaped to give a gradually decreasing speed to the shear slides toward the inner ends of their strokes, so that by varying ,the point in the path of the slides at which severing begins, the severing speed may be varied. For this purpose those portions of the pivot studs 85 and 86 which carry the shear levers 82 are made eccentric to the portions which are supported in the frame, the eccentricity of one pivot stud 86 being set downwardly (Fig. 12) and the eccentric portion of the other pivot stud 85 being set upwardly. This enables these eccentric pivotal supports for the shear levers to be adjusted toward or away from each other When adjusted toward each other the shear blades meet and sever the glass at an earlier period, at a time when the respective cam rolls 87 are in contact with a steeper or more inclined portion of the cam contour, as shown in Fig. 50, so that the severing operation is performed quicker, and therefore in shorter time, thus making a blunter ended gather. On theother hand, when the eccentric por tions of the studs 85 and 86 are turned outwardly, the shear blades meet and sever the glass at a later period in their stroke, at which time their respective cam rolls 87 engage with the less inclined contours of the shear cams 63, as shown in Fig. 51, thus severing the glass in a longer time, and therefore more slowly, and making a more pointed end on the gather. gent lines 105 in Figs. 50 and 51 show the relative steepness of the cam contour at the two cutting points. The pivot studs 85'and 86 for the shear levers are turned to utilize their eccentric movements by means of levers 106 (Figs. 1, 12 and 13), WlllCll are connected by a rod 107 so as to turn both pivot studs at the same time and to the same extent; but on account of the oppositely arranged eccentricity of the studs, move the pivotal points of the levers in opposite directions. The connecting rod 107 may be adjusted for length by a right and left-hand threaded nut 108. One of the levers is provided with a handle 110 for turning the eccentrics.

The scale 111 is provided to indicate the extent to which the eccentrics are turned.

The scale is read in connection with the pointer 113 attached to the column and may be clamped in any desired position by the screw 112. I

The shear blades are cooled between success sive severing operations by means of water sprays 21 (Figs. 1 and 6), supplied by pipes 114 and regulated by valves 115. The water from the sprays strikes the blades in their retracted positions and is finally caught by the drain pans 20 from which the water is drained away.

The impeller 13 for timing and controlling the extrusion and formation of the gathers is made of refractory clay and is guided for vertical movement into or through the outlet ring in a line concentric with this ring by the guide shafts 116 and 117 sliding in bearings 120 and 121 respectively, which are formed in the spout case (Figs. 2, 6 and 7). The

The dot-and-dash tan ide shaft 117 carries an a"rm 122 to which a split holder 123 carrying the impeller is detachably and adjustably secured by clamp screws 124 which pass through elongated holes, indicated at 123a in Fig. 7, in the holder 123 to allow it to be slid in and out on the arm 122. This arm 122 is clamped to the shaft 117 by a screw 125 allowingit to be swung about the shaft. In this way the impeller holder 123 maybe slid radially in and out from the shaft 117 or swung about it and clamped in position to bring the point of the impeller into alignment with the outlet, thus compensating forwarping of the impeller or for variation in different impellers. The shaft 117 also carries an arm in which the guide shaft 116 is fastened The lower end of this shaft-comes opposite. the scale 127 fastened to the spout case.

This scale" is graduated to indicate the position of the lower end of the impeller relative to the lower side of the outlet ring. The impeller is clamped in its holder 123 by screws 128, and may be quickly exchanged for another impeller of any desired shape.

' Various shapes of impellers for different effects are shown in Figs. 45 to 48 inclusive.

The impeller and its carrier are suspended by the connecting rod 130 and its pivots 131 and 132 fromthe lever 133 pivoted at its hub 134 on the shaft 135. This lever carries an adjusting screw 136 bearing a hand wheel 137. The end of this adjusting screw bears against another lever 138 also pivoted at its hub 140 on the shaft 135, so that both levers are guidedside by-side between fixed collars. The lever 138 has at its upper end a stud 141 carrying a cam roll 142 which is held against the impeller cam shown in outline at 143.in Fig. 7 by the weight of the impeller and its carrier. The impeller cam thus governs the rise and fall ofthe impeller. By turning I the hand wheel 137and revolving the adj usting screw 136 the relative angular position of the two levers 133 and 138 may be varied.

" The efiect of thisis to raise and lower the working range of the impeller movements.

. The impeller may also be held inactive in its upper position by turning the latch 144 carried by the lever 133 over the projection 145 carried by the shaft 146.

In addition to the height adjustment above described, the connecting rod 130 is made adjustable by means of turn buckle, provided with right and left hand screw threads at its opposite ends, and'connecting the'upper and lower portions of the connecting rod. Check nuts are provided to clamp the parts tightly after the desired adjustment has been made.-

By turning the turn buckle,the connecting rod 130 may be lengthened or shortened and the working range of the impeller lowered or raised, as desired. This adjustment may be .used in place of, or in addition to the hand wheel adjustment above described.

operating the latch 144. By thus holding the impeller inactive at its lower positions and adjacent the outlet, the gravity outflow of the glass-can. betimed and shaped for various forms of gathers by operating the severing means only.

The length of stroke of the impeller may be varied by sliding the pivot 131 of the connecting rod 130 in the slot 147 provided in the lever 133. This changes the effective length of thelever. This pivot 131 is provided with a nut by means of which it may be clamped in any desired position as indicated by graduations along the slot 147 to give the impeller the desired length of stroke.

The "impeller cam is composed of several parts as shown-in Figs. 15 to 19 inclusive. The sleeves 150and 151 are loose on the main drive shaft 61 and are provided with bevel gears152 and 153 respectively at their outer ends, and with flanges 154 and 155 at their inner ends. These flanges form part of the cam surface and also hold removable cam lobes 156 and 157 which serve to govern the rise and fall of the impeller respectively. The lobe 156 which raises the impeller, is carried -by the righthand flange 155 and is removably secured to it by clamp screws 158 which enter the slots 160 therein and serve to locate the lobe. The left-hand flange 154 carries the lobe 157 which governs the fall of the impeller. This lobe is also detachably secured to the flange 154 by means of clamp screws 161 which enter the slots 162 therein and thus locate the lobe. By this arrange- K ment the two cam lobes can be revolved about the shaft independently of each other so that their angular position relative to each other and around shaft may be varied within certain limits. For instance Figs. 14 to 17 inclusive show the lobes set 17 degrees apart,

able limits.

The main drive shaft 61 revolves in the direction of the arrow shown on the drive pulley 62 (Fig. 1) and drives the bevelgears 163 and 164 which are fastened to it. These bevel gears drive the pinions 165 and 166 which in turn drive the bevel gears 152 and 153 thus rotating 'the sleeves 150 and 151 with their cam parts, respectively. The pinions are mounted for rotation 'on holders shafts "172 which are provided wi h hand 167 (Fig. .20) which are revolubly mounted wheels 17? and 174 respectively. By revolving the hand wheels the pinion holders 167 are rotated about the shat't'61 thus moving the sleeves 150 and 151 relative to the driving gears 163 and 16d, respectively. This has the effect of angularly advancing or retarding the sleeves 150 and 151 bearing the cam lobes 156 and 157. In this manner the lobes may be set to act at any desired time relative to the shears and to each other. By turning the right-hand hand Wheel 174 the righthand sleeve 151 is advanced or retarded, thus advancing or retarding the cam lobe 156 by which the impeller is raised. By turning the left-hand hand wheel 113- the cam lobe 157, which governs the fall of the impeller is advanced or retarded. By properly turning both hand wheels the same amount bothv lobes as a whole may be advanced or retarded, correspondingly changing the time of the impeller operations relative to the time of the shear operations. In this manner the various characteristics of the impeller action may be varied, and its operating period may be advanced or retarded relative to the 1 severing operation.

F or visibly indicating these adjustments of the impeller cams, the shafts 17 2 are provided with gear teeth mesh? ing with teeth on the indicator dials 175 which register with the pointers 180.

One effect of advancing or retarding the cam lobe 156 by which the impeller is raised, is to make the up-stroke of the impeller earlier or later relative to the severing operation. The rapidity of the rising movement of the impeller during the severing operation may thus be varied by taking advantage of the contour of the cam lobe 156 which is preferably shaped to give a gradually increasing speed to the impeller during the first part of its lip-stroke. By advancing the cam lobe 156 relatively to the shear cams the impeller may be made to rise more rapidly, during severing and by retarding this lobe theimpeller may be made to rise more slowly during severing. This cam lobe may also be set so that the impeller begins to rise after the severing is partially or entirely completed.

The characteristicsof the impeller stroke may be still further altered by substituting other cam lobes which provide a rise or fall of any desired character. The cam lobes 17 6 and 177 shown in Fig. 21, for instance, give a rise and fall extending over a longer period than those in Fig. 15. The lobes 178 and 179 shown in Fig. 22 give a quicker rise and fall than those shown in Fig. 15. These lobes are arranged so as to be readily changed by simply loosening the clamp screws which arecarried by the lobes, and substituting other lobes. I y

The chute 5 is formed of porous materlal revaoar under the outlet 3 to receive the separated mold charges, and with its lower end over the 'mold charging station of the shaping machine as shown in plan in Fig. 5. The chute is supplied with water through a flexible tube 181 which connects with a recess 182 (Fig. 6) formed in the upper end of the chute. A valve 183regulates the water supply. Suflicient water is supplied to moisten the chute. When the glass falls on' the chute the water is turnedto steam where the glass touches it, so that the glass slides freely and rapidly down the chute on a film of steam and drops into the mold 6. The chute is supported on vertical pivots so mounted that it may be swung out of or into the glass receiving position to interrupt or begin the delivery of the mold charges to the molds as end. For each complete reciprocation of the impeller there is a reciprocation of the shears which severs a mold charge from each suspended gather. After each severing op eration the freshly cut end or stub remaining below the outlet, and forming the lower end of the succeeding gather, is moved upwardly, or its downward movement is retarded, by the action of the impeller.

By using appropriate sizes of outlet ring and impeller, and by proper setting of the.

various adjustments, the shape of the top,

body, and lower end of the mold charge may be varied separately at will as hereinafter described.

The size of the outlet ring is chosen with relation to the general shape of the body of the mold charge, a smaller diameter outlet being used for a long mold charge than for a short charge. For a nearly spherical charge a larger diameter outlet is uscd than for a longer cylindrical charge. The relation of the diameter of the gather to the outlet size depends partly on the speed of the machine and the viscosity of the glass, as these influence the elongation and consequent reduction in diameter of the glass column issuing from the outlet. In general a higher speed requires a larger outlet than a slower speed does, while greater viscosity requires a larger outlet than a lower viscosity would.

The size of the impeller end depends to a certain extent on the size of the outlet used, since the impeller and outlet coact to isa produce efiects hereinafter described. The

arger the outlet, the blunter the end of the impeller may be, other conditions being equal. The size of the impeller end also depends on the general shape of themold charge desired. For a short compact charge a blunter ended impeller is preferablyused, while for a moreelon ated charge a more pointed impeller is 'pre erred.

The weight or quantity of the mold charge moves downward it gives a downward or extrusion impulse to the glass issuing from p the outlet. This extrusion im also aids the gravity head at the outlet an increases the rate of discharge of the glass. As the impeller moves upward it gives an upward or intrusion impulse to the glass within and below the outlet. This intrusion impulse opposes the gravity head at the outlet, tending to retard the discharge of glass from the outlet, and may he made to reverse the motion of the glass within and below theroutlet raising it up to anv extent depending on the extent and strength of the impulse. The

impeller also furnishes part of the support for the glass below the outlet, this support being greatest when the im ller protrudes below the outlet and less for igher positions of the impeller. As the impeller rises it gradually withdraws this support, transierring more of the weight of the suspended glass to theoutlet. Another efiect of projecting the im eller below the outlet is to enlarge the nec of the suspended gather by the displacement. This also increases'the amount of support.

The downward or extrusion impulse of the impeller may be used to come-1 the shape of the body and upper end of the gather and its resulting mold charge. This impulse tends v to increase the diameter of the suspended and elongating glass, in proportion to the extent and strength of the impulse. By adjusting the hand wheel 17 3 to advance the cam lobe 157 the extrusion impulse comes earlier which tends to increase the diameter of the body of the gather rather than the diameter of the upper end only. By retarding the impulse it tends to enlarge only theupperend of the gather. Increasing the extent of the downward impulse,which may be done by lengthening the impeller stroke, tends to enlarge'more of the gather, as for instance both the body and the upper end. The strength of the impulse may-he varied by varying the working position and size of the impeller and by varyus ing the character of its downward stroke. A

lower position tends to give a stronger imulse and vice versa. I A larger or blunter impeller also gives a stronger impulse. By

changing the cam lobe 157 the character and i duration of the downwardstroke and therefore of the extrusion impulse may be varied.

A faster downward stroke of shorter duration increases the strength of the impulse but applies it locally to a more limited portion of the gather. The decrease in diameter of the gather due to its elon ation by gravity may thus be compensated or to any extent. By shaping the cam lobe so as to increase or decrease the relative speeds ofthe'downward stroke at difierent arts of this stroke a variet of effects may e secured, allowing more vaned control ofthe, shape of the gather. In this manner by use of the proper arts and by proper setting of the various adpzstments the shape of the body and upper end of the gather and its resulting mold charge may be varied. i I

ting the glass adjacent to the outlet while the shears are severing the upward or intrusion impulse of the impeller, coacting with,

turning the hand wheel 174: and set the cam lobe 156 110 raise or reverse the constricting and severing action of the shears may be used to vary the shape of the lower end of the gather and its resultant mold charge. The contour of the cut glass surface may be varied by varyingthe cuttin speed of the shears. as previously describe so that the shape of the stub and there-- tore of the end of the succeeding mold charge may be controlled. By having the shears" cut as quickly as possible during the raising of the stub, a blunt ended stub isobtained. By having them cut more slowlyg'as the glass forming the stub is raised by the intrusion impulse; a more ointed stub is obtained. Thev raising speedo the glass may also be varied by advancing or retarding the intrusion im- I pulse and taking advantage of the gradual increase in upward speed of the impeller during its stroke due to the shape of the cam lobe 156. This is similar tot he described manner v of varying the shear speed duringsevering. By setting the cam lobe 156 so that the impeller does'not rise until after the shear blades have. entered the glass a shoulder may be iormed'at the lower end of the gather (Figs. 37, 38). This shoulder may be made more or less abrupt by adjustment. I In this manner various combinations of raising and cutting speeds may be obtained, allowing the sha of the lower end of the mold charge; to e varied. r I a:

The upstroke of the impeller and its resulting intrusion 'im ulse may also be'u'sed to vary the shape of t e gather above the part formed by the severing operation. The initial formation of the-stub by cooperation between the intrusion. impulse and the further elongation, due to its weight, of

the stub and of the portion of the gather above the stub may be varied or its effect may be compensated for by varying the "character of that part of the up-stroke taking place after severing. For instance, by retarding the dis charge of the glass the lower partof the gather may be allowed to elongate before the -remainder of the gather is allowed to form.

6 This elongation decreases the diameter of the elongated part; By diminishing the retardasecured. For instance, the first part of the tion and allowing a greater discharge of the glass, the lower part of the gather may be increased in diameter. Increasing the length of the impeller stroke increases the extent of the intrusion impulse. The strength ofthis impulse may also be increased by lowering. the working position of the impeller. The

character ,and duration of the stroke may also 26- be varied by chang the cam 1obev'15'6" A faster up-stroke increases the strength of the intrusion impulse but applies it to a more. limited portion of the gather by shortening its duration. By forming the cam lobe to changethe relativespeeds at diiferentportions of the upstroke, various effects may be up stroke may be made fast enough to secure the proper sha-pe'of stub while the remainder of the stroke may be made to give any desired retardation to the glass. Thus the impeller might be held stationary for a certain period, as, for example, while the cam roll is" traversing the portion of the cam that is indicated at X in Fig. 15, before completing I the remainder of the up-stroke. This gives a 1 and especially over the shape of its lower porblades cooler.

varied control over the shape of the gather,

ti0n.-

One 'efit'ectof raising the glass below the outlet during and immediately after the sevi operate this device with s ich adjustments as will allow the cut surface of the glass to be raised clear of the shear blades during and after severing.

gBy raising or lowering the shears they may be made to'sever the glass at a higher or lower level, leaving ashorter orlonger stub respectively. This'length of'stub has an influence I on the length of the gather... A longer stub tends to elongate/the gather and a shorter .stub tends to produce a shorter gather. This influence. extends to the lower part of the gather especially.

By properly combining all the variableadjustments and allowing for or making use of the clan ation and decrease of diameter of the ather during its accumulation'and suspension, the shape of the gatherand its ward during the out. In

charge for this mold is-largest at the upper end,-tapering down gradually toward the lower end, being nearly a frustum of a cone. This charge fits the mold closely, tending to form a ood blank when the forming pressure is applied. Fig. 24 shows a press mold in which a tumbler is to be pressed. The mold charge for this mold is madefchunky and compact, so. as to settle down and fill the lower end of the mold as soon as possible after delivery. This allows the pressing plunger to act on the glass to the best advantage. Fig. 25 shows a blank mold for a wide mouth bottle of'cylindrical form. The mold charge for this is made as nearly cylindrical as possible so that it fits the mold closely. and quickly fills out the lower portion of the mold when the forming pressure is applied. Fig. 26 shows a blank mold for a narrow neck bottle having an abrupt. shoulder below the neck. The mold charge for this differs from the moldcharge shown in Fig. 25 by having an elonfgation or point 190 formed at its lower end to t the neck portion of the mold.

The steps i-nthe formation of .the mold 23 are charge required for the mold of'Fig.

' hportio'n shown in Figs. 27 to 31 inclusive.

'of the outlet block or spout is shown in sec-' tion, withthe outlet ring 52 below it. A medium sized impeller sha Fig. 48 is' shown. The s ear blades 4 are shown diagrammatically and the arrows beneath them indicate the direction of theirv motion. The cutting speedof the shears and d attheend like the raising speed of the glass below the outlet are setso as to shape the stub to give" the desired shape to the'end of the gather in con? nection with the elongation latergiven -it.

The shape of the cut resulting from this .set-

ting is shown in Fig. 31 where the shears have just completed severing.- The shapeof this cut-is'the'result of. the motio'nfof the shears combined with the upward motion of the glass imparted by the impeller moving up: ig. .27 the stub is rounded out at the point 191 and is beginnin to elongate: At the same time the entire stu has been raisedinto the outlet by the upward.

motion of the impeller which is still movin upward to retard the glhss. In Fig. 281the impeller has reached its upper position and pauses there while the-glass is dischar from the outlet to f f orm the body of the for relative time, is to continue swelling the gather. When the glass has assumed the shape shown in Fig. 28, the impeller starts to move downward, accelerating the discharge of glass through the outlet as it approaches its low position shown in Fig. 29. Here the upper end of the gather is shown swelled out by the accelerated discharge of the glass.

The impeller remains in this low position for .pe

a definite time whilethe'gather elongates. It then starts to rise and has risen to the point shown in Fig. 30, when the shear blades make contact with the glass. .The severing thencommences and takes place during the interval between Fig. 30 and Fig. 31 while the upward motion of the impeller raises the glass to form the point 192 of the stub by cooperation with the shears.

The. steps in the formation of the mold charge shown in Fig. 24 are shown in Figs.

32 to 36'inclusive. The impeller for the compact charge desired is made blunter than in the previous example, being like that shown in Fig. 49. The outlet ring 52 is also made of I a larger diameter, to give the necessary in creased diameter of gather. The shears are set to sever more quickly so as to produce a stub which is blunt when rounded out, as shown in Fig. 32 where the impelleris moving upward. In Fig. 33 the impeller has reached its upper position and the body of the gather is discharging through the outlet.

The impeller then starts to move downward place between the positions shown in Figs. 35

and 36. The effect of the impeller cam adjustment, both for character of the stroke and gather until the severing operation starts and then to allow a minimum time for elongation of the gather-before, or during severing so that a short compact spheroidal gather is produced.

Figs. 37 and 38 illustrate the modifications employed to obtain the mold. charges shown used, the one shown in Fig. 46 being employed.

in Fig. 26. Here a more pointed impeller is y The orifice ring is chosen of the proper size to form thebody of the gather. The shears are set lower down than in the firstexample, namely Figs. 27 to 31', to form a longer stub. They are also set for slower cutting speed than in this first example and the impeller is set ,to rise later to give the shapes of shoulder and point shown. The impeller stroke is set so .as to allow the proper elongation of this point' and afterv this to give a cylindrical body to the gather by the proper amount of additional im ulse to the glass.

The mold c arge-"shown in Fig. 25 is like the body of thecharge shown in Fig. 26,] the point 190 of Fi 26 being absent. To form" this charge the s ears are set to cut more rapidly than for the charge of Fig. 26. The imller is also set to give slower rise to the glass during severing. This gives the blunter point shown.

Figs. 39 and 40 illustrate a setting of the impeller stroke by which the impeller moves upward rapidly enough, before the severing operation starts, to form a reduced neck 193 above the gather before it is severed, This gives an approximately pear-shaped gather.

It also avoids the severing of a large column of glass. 7

Figs. 41 to 45 inclusive illustrate the delivery of mold charges at such speedand temperature that the glass issues from the outlet in a more elongated column breaking into a stream between interruptions. Here the impeller is moving upwardly'in Figs. 44, 45 and 41, havingreached its upper position in Fig. 42. It then moves downward to accelerate the flow of glass and reaches the lower position in Fig. 43 after which itbegins to move upward again. The effect is to withdraw or retract the stub of glass and'interrupt the downward flow-as-shown. It also tends to compact and round the end of the stream and to make the mold charge as compact as possible under the circumstances. It thus aids in minimizing the diificulties due to lapping and folding of the charge when it settles in the mold.

One of the advantages of the illustrated embodiment of the invention over that type of glass feeding machine which employs a relatively large impeller or plunger, is in the more uniform heat distributionin the mold charge. This desirable result is obtained by the use of an impeller of comparatively small diameter which greatly reduces the screen or shadow effect of a larger impeller, which cuts off the direct radiation of heat from the furnace in the rear to the front of the forehearth,

and thereby producesa chilled zone on the front of the mold charg;i B the useof a small impeller as descri s chilling of the glass is reduced to a minimum and to all practical purposes entirely removed.

The organized machine shown and described herein as a preferred embodiment of this invention. is only one of many possible embodiments of the invention. It should .be

understood that the various features of the invention may be modified, both in structure,

. combination, and arrangement, to adapt the invention to different uses or difierent con ditions of service. I

I claim'as my invention; 1. In an apparatus for delivering charges of molten glass, the combination of a con- {3 tainer for the glass, said container having a discharge opening through which the glass issues, a controlling device extendin into the glass, means for reciprocating sai d controlling device toward and from the said openin including a cam, said cam having itswor 'ng surface formed to move said controlling device by a series of steps in one direction.

2. In apparatus for feeding molten glass, a container for the glass having a submergedoutlet, an implement movable in adhesive contact with the glass in the container toward and from the outlet, and means for reciprocating said implement to cause said implement to move in one direction by a series period after part of'its up stroke and then will be moved upward to complete its up stroke.

4. In apparatus for feeding molten glass, the combination with a container for the lass having a discharge outlet, of a verticalmovable implement projecting downwardly into the glass in alignment with the outlet, a cam controlling upward and downward movements of the implement, and having a portion of its working surface movable relative to the remainder of its, surface for the purpose of altering the timed relation'between the upward and downward movements.

5. In apparatus for feeding molten glass, the combination with 'a container for the glass havin a discharge outlet, of a vertically movable implement projecting downwardly into the glass in alignment'with the outlet, a cam controlling upward and downward movements of the implement, havin a portion of its working surface remova lile and changeable for the purpose. of altering the character of the movements of the implement. 6.- In apparatus for feeding molten glass, the combination with acontainer for the glass havin a discharge outlet, of a vertically movable implement projecting downwardly into the glass in alignment with the outlet, a cam controlling upward and downward movements of the implement, and a plurality of interchangeable cam lobes each adapted to form a portion of the working surface of the cam, whereby the character of the movements of the implement may be altered at 7. The method of delivering molten glass from the outlet of a container in mold charge masses of controlled shape appropriate to of and then will be the molds in which they are to be fabricated,

which comprises discharging glass from the container through said outlet under the control of a reciprocating control member which periodically accelerates and retards,.stops or reverses movement of the glass through the outlet and thus aids in suspending the discharged glass in successive mold charge masses below the outlet and in determining the shape of the suspended mold charge masses, and further controlling the shape of the suspended mold charge masses by controlling the reciprocations. of the control member so as to cause movement of the control member by a series of steps in one direction during each reciprocation thereof.

8. The method of forming moldcharge masses of molten glass of desired shape, appropriate to the molds in which they are to be fabricated, which comprises discharging molten glass downwardly from a supply body through an outlet submerged by the molten glass, regulating the discharge of glass through the-outlet b reciprocating an implement vertically in t e supply body of glass substantially in vertical alignment with the outlet to aid in suspending the discharged glass in successive mold charge masses below the outlet and in determining the shape of said suspended mold charge masses, and further controlling the shape of the suspended mold charge masses by controlling said re-. ciprocations of the implement so that-the implement will. remain stationary for a car tain period after part of each upstroke theremoved upward to complete its upstroke.

9. The method of feeding molten glass in mold charges, which comprises flowing glass downwardly throu h an outlet, periodically retarding normal ow of glass through the outlet by series of retarding impulses on the glass, and severingv mold charges from the issued glass in timed relation to said series of retarding impulses.

10. The method of feeding molten glass in mold charges which comprises flowing glass downwardly'through an outlet, periodically retarding the flow of glass through the outlet by a series of upward impulses on the glass and severinga mold charge from the issued glass during each series of upward impulses.

11. The method offeeding molten glass in mold char es which comprises flowing glass downwar y through an outlet, periodically retarding flow through the outlet by series of retarding impulses on the glass, accelerating downward flow of glass through the outlet between successive series of retarding impulses, and periodically severing mold charges from the issued glass in timed relatiziion to the times of acceleration of downward ow. a

12. The method of feeding molten glass in mold charges whichcomprises flowing glass Ill lid

nevacai dovvnvvardl through an outlet, periodically changing t -e rate of downward flow of the glass through the outlet by series of impulses tending to move the glass in one direction, and periodically severing mold charges from the glass discharged through said outlet.

l3. A machine for feeding molten glass comprising, in combination with a glass con tamer having a delivery aperture in its base, in-mrmittently efiective shearing mechanism, an in plement for controlling the delivery of HlOlLGi'l glass through said apertures, means including a continuously moving driving ei he--"'or reciprocating said implement,

operable other means for stopp' g r of the implement for h .d- 4 Element stationary without intere operating movement of the drivm er..- in glass feeding mechanism, a glass container having a discharge outlet, an implement movable in the glass relatively to the outlet tor regulating flow of glass through the outlet so as to aid in suspending the issued lass in successive masses below the outlet and in shaping said masses while they are suspended, means for o crating said implement, and manually opera is other means for reu daring said operating means inedective to operate said implement.

15, In glass feeding mechanism, a glass container having a discharge outlet, an implement movable in the glass relatively to the outlet for regulating flow of glass through the outlet, means for operating the implement, means for adjusting said oper ating means to adjust the implement relatively to the outlet, and manually operable other means for rendering said operatmg means inedective to operate said implement and for cooperating with said operating means to maintain said implement stationary at any one of a plurality of diiferent positions in redil spect to the outlet, the said positions varying according to the adj ustmentof said operating means. i

16. In glass feeding apparatus, a container for molten glass having an outlet, an implement movable relativel to the outlet for regulating discharge 0 glass through the outlet, means including a continuously moving driving member for operating said implement, and means operable when desired during the continued movement of the driving member to render said operating means inefiective to move said implement.

l7. lln glass feeding apparatus, a container for moltenglass having an outlet, an imple plement movable relatively to the outlet for regulating discharge of glass through the outlet, means including a continuously mov ing driving member for operating said imple ment, and means operable when desired durefiective to move said implement, and to maintain said implement at the end of its SliIOliB away from the outlet Y I 18. A glass feeder, including a flow spout having a flow orifice, a feeder plug adapted to reciprocate in the tlovv spout in alignment with the flow orifice, a reci rocable member for reciprocating said lee er plug, a cross arm mounted on the reciprocahle member,

-means carrying the feeder plug, said means being longitudinally adjustable with respect to said cross arm, and said cross arm Peeing arcuately adjustable about said reciprocahle A glass feeder, including a having don orifice, a feeder plug to reciprocate the how spout in lignm 3 with the av orifice, an arm carrying; tllti feeder plug, for adjusting the plug longitudinally of the arm, and means for rotatably adjusting the arm.

20. A glass feeder, including a tlovv spout having a how orifice, means for controlling the feeding of glass through seid orificc, a member carrying said means, said means be ing adjustable longitudinally of said mom hill, and said member being rotatably adjust a e.

L E. PEllEll,

spout gned at Hartford, Conn, this 18th day ill? ill

ltd

ltd

ing the continued movcment'of the driving member to render said operating means in=l tee ital 

